Qualitative Analysis
Qualitative Analysis involves identifying the cations and anions in substancces.
Flame testFlame test are used to identify metal ions in a compound.
Procedure: 1) Dip platinum/ nichrome wire or wooden splint into a sample solution or coat it with the powdered metal salt. 2) The wire of splint is heated and the color of a gas flame is observed. NB: Wave the sample through the flame to avoid setting the wood on fire, if splint is being used. If a wire is used, it is cleaned between tests by dipping it in hydrochloric acid, followed by a rinse in distilled water. Qualitative Analysis of cations
Cations of salts can be determined on the basis of their reactivity and the solubility of their salts.
The following below are videos which illustrate qualitative analysis using the reagents NaOH and aqueous ammonia for the following cations: iron (III), iron (II), copper(II), calcium, ammonium, zinc and aluminium.
|
|
Testing cation- Iron (III) with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- iron (III) with aqueous ammonia
|
|
Testing cation- iron (II) with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- iron (II) with aqueous ammonia
|
|
Testing cation- copper with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- copper with aqueous ammonia
|
|
Testing cation- ammonium with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- aluminium with NaOH
Zinc and lead ions produce the same results |
|
Testing cation- aluminium with aqueous ammonia
Lead ions produce the same results as well. |
|
Testing cation- calcium with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- calcium with aqueous ammonia
|
|
Testing cation- zinc with NaOH
|
|
Testing cation- zinc with aqueous ammonia
|
|
The following videos contain qualitative analysis tests used to identify ANIONS.
Testing anion- nitrate ion
|
|
Testing anion- iodide ion
|
|
Testing anion- chloride ion
|
|
Testing anion-carbonate ion
|
|
Testing anion- sulphate ion
|
|